A cosmetic solution that cannot dissolve more solute at a given temperature is classified as what type of solution?

A solution is classified as saturated when it has reached its maximum capacity for dissolving solute at a specific temperature. In this state, the dissolved solute is in equilibrium with any undissolved solute present; this means that no additional solute can dissolve in the solution without altering the conditions, such as changing the temperature.

In practical terms, if you continue to add solute to a saturated solution (like sugar in water), you will notice that it no longer dissolves and settles at the bottom. This characteristic defines saturation and distinguishes it from other types of solutions. A dilute solution contains a small amount of solute compared to the solvent, and a concentrated solution has a large amount of solute before reaching saturation. On the other hand, a supersaturated solution contains more solute than can typically dissolve at a given temperature, achieved under specific conditions but also unstable, often leading to crystallization if disturbed. Thus, the defining feature of a saturated solution is its inability to dissolve additional solute at equilibrium.