Substances or agents capable of producing or causing cancer are known as:

Substances or agents capable of producing or causing cancer are referred to as carcinogens. Carcinogens can be found in various forms, including chemicals, radiation, and even certain viruses. They work by causing changes in the DNA of cells, which can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of tumors.

Understanding the classification of carcinogens is crucial in fields such as esthetics, where practitioners may encounter various products and treatments that could contain harmful ingredients. For example, specific chemicals in skincare products or environmental pollutants might have carcinogenic properties.

The other terms in the list refer to different categories of substances. Mutagens are agents that cause changes to DNA, leading to mutations that may not immediately result in cancer but can predispose cells to become cancerous over time. Toxins generally refer to poisons that can cause harmful effects on the body but do not specifically imply cancer risk. Pathogens are organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites that cause disease but are not directly associated with cancer causation. Understanding the specific definitions helps esthetics professionals make informed decisions regarding product safety and client health.