What is the tough elastic substance that cushions bones at the joints called?

The tough elastic substance that cushions bones at the joints is called cartilage. This specialized type of connective tissue plays a crucial role in the skeletal system, providing a smooth surface for joint movement and serving as a shock absorber during impact. Cartilage has a flexible and resilient structure, which allows it to withstand pressure while maintaining the integrity of the joint.

In joints, cartilage helps to reduce friction between the bones, allowing them to glide smoothly past each other during movement. It also helps absorb stress and distribute forces across the joint, which is essential for maintaining mobility and preventing injury. Certain types of cartilage, such as hyaline cartilage, are found in various parts of the body, including the ends of long bones, ribs, and in the nose.

Additionally, the other choices represent different structures within the body. Tendons connect muscles to bones, ligaments connect bones to other bones at joints, and connective tissue is a broader category that includes a variety of tissue types, including cartilage itself. However, none of these fulfill the specific role of cushioning bones at the joints in the way that cartilage does.