Which arteries are the major blood suppliers for the arm and hand?

The correct answer highlights the ulnar and radial arteries as the primary sources of blood supply to the arm and hand. The radial artery runs along the thumb side of the forearm and continues into the hand, supplying blood to the lateral aspect of the forearm and certain structures of the hand. In contrast, the ulnar artery travels along the inner side of the forearm and also provides blood to the hand, particularly to the medial side and the palm.

These two arteries branch from the brachial artery, which is a major artery of the upper arm but primarily serves to supply blood to the arm itself. The arrangement of the ulnar and radial arteries ensures that a rich blood supply can reach different parts of the hand, aiding in the function and health of hand tissues.

Other options like the subclavian and axillary arteries serve the upper body and do not directly supply the arm and hand. The femoral and popliteal arteries are relevant to the lower extremities, making them unrelated to the blood supply of the arm and hand. Thus, the ulnar and radial arteries are recognized as the vital vessels for their specific roles in ensuring adequate circulation within the upper limb.