Which process is used to kill or eliminate all forms of microorganisms?

Sterilization is the process specifically designed to kill or eliminate all forms of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores. This process is crucial in various fields, especially in healthcare and esthetics, where it is essential to ensure that equipment and surfaces are free from any pathogens that could potentially cause infections or complications.

Sterilization methods can include autoclaving (using high-pressure steam), dry heat methods, or chemical sterilants. The thoroughness of this process distinguishes it from disinfection, which reduces the number of microorganisms to a safe level but does not necessarily eliminate all forms, particularly not spores. Similarly, sanitation refers to the process of maintaining a clean environment and reducing microbial load but does not imply the complete eradication of all microorganisms. Decontamination involves removing or neutralizing hazardous substances, which can include microorganisms, but is also broader and does not guarantee complete sterility.

In summary, because sterilization is specifically defined as the complete elimination of microorganisms, it is the correct answer for this question.