Which sterilization method utilizes high temperature and pressure?

The sterilization method that utilizes high temperature and pressure is steam under pressure, commonly associated with autoclaving. This method involves the use of saturated steam at temperatures typically around 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher under pressure, which effectively kills microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores.

The combination of heat and pressure increases the boiling point of water, allowing for a more effective and rapid sterilization process. The steam penetrates the materials being sterilized, ensuring that all surfaces reach the necessary temperature for a sufficient time to achieve sterility.

This method is widely used in healthcare and esthetics practices because it is efficient, reliable, and capable of sterilizing a wide array of items, including instruments and equipment. It is also considered to be safer for the environment compared to some chemical sterilization methods.