Which term is defined as the process of making an object clean and safe for use?

The term that best describes the process of making an object clean and safe for use is sanitation. Sanitation refers to steps taken to ensure that surfaces and equipment are free from harmful levels of pathogens and other contaminants. This is crucial in esthetics and beauty practices, where the health and safety of clients are paramount.

Sanitation typically involves cleaning surfaces to remove dirt, debris, and most microorganisms but does not necessarily eliminate all microbes, which sets it apart from disinfection and sterilization. By effectively sanitizing tools and surfaces, practitioners help prevent the spread of infections and maintain a safe environment for treatment.

Disinfection, while also important, is a more intensive process that aims to kill or inactivate many pathogens but may not be adequate for all items that require a lower level of cleanliness. Sterilization is the most thorough process, destroying all microbial life, including spores, and is typically reserved for surgical instruments or medical equipment rather than everyday tools used in esthetics. Filtration generally pertains to the removal of particulate matter from liquids or air and does not directly refer to the cleanliness of objects.